Judaism

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	Judaism Introduction
	Beliefs and Actions/Types of Judaism
	Contract vs. Covenant
	Jewish Sacred Writing
	Jewish Sacred Places
	Unit Test Review Questions
	Four Branches of Judaism .pdf MSWord.doc
	Judaism Word Search .pdf Answer.jpg
	Excerpts from the Talmud .pdf
	Judaism 101

Judaism

The belief in God

Reverence (respect) and study of the Torah

Recognition of Israel as both a nation and a people

Sacred places and times

What does it mean to be a Jewish person?

Being a Jew has both an ethnic meaning and a religious meaning.

A Jew may or may not practice Judaism

There are ethnic Jews and religious Jews

Ethnic Jews	Religious Jews
may not practice Judaism Are from Israel	practice Judaism not necessarily from Israel

Judaism

Beliefs and Actions

Types of Judaism

Hasidic Judaism

Orthodox Judaism

Conservative Judaism

Reform Judaism

Hasid means "pious one".

stress personal experience in worship .

Began in Eastern Europe in 18th century.

Hasidic Jews follow all Orthodox laws.

Each Hasidic group is centered on the teachings of a particular Rebbe, or spiritual master. A Rebbe is a spiritual master who councils the people in the community.

Read the Bible as the literal word of God ( the world was actually created in seven days)

Recognized by their distinctive style of dress. The men often wear full beards, hats, and dark clothes. The women dress modestly.

Literal interpretation of the Torah

Accepts Jewish law and teachings as binding

Strict observances of dietary laws and kosher

Hebrew Prayers

Men wear skull caps, prayer shawl.

Men and women must worship separately.

Subscribes to the divine authority of Torah but accepts biblical scholarship

Traditional dress just at services

Use more Hebrew than the vernacular

No separation of men and women.

Accepts most Jewish law and teaching as binding

Conservative Judaism believes that Jewish law should be continually examined to meet the needs of every new generation.

The emphasis in Reform Judaism is on ethics: how a Jew should behave.

The Torah is not considered as divinely revealed.

Remove traditional garb

Eliminate repetition of prayers

Introduced musical instruments into their services

Limited use of Hebrew

No strict observances of dietary laws

Reform Judaism encourages women and men to conform to the same standards of ethical practice, ritual behavior, and study. In fact, the Reform movement pioneered the ordination of women as rabbis.

Contract vs. Covenant

The Jewish people have a sacred covenant with God.

The special relationship between the Jews and their God was established during an encounter between God and Moses on Mount Sinai.

On Mount Sinai God promised to care for the people of Israel, and they in turn promised to follow the Ten Commandments.

This event came to be known as the Sinai Covenant.

Here are a few of the differences between a contract and covenant

Contract	Covenant
·1 An agreement between two parties ·2 Involves the services of people ·3 Deals with Secular (societal) affairs (money) ·4 People as witnesses ·5 Made by anybody who knows the value of money. ·6 Lasts for a certain amount of time and then expires	·7 Involves an agreement between two parties ·8 Involves the actions and beliefs of people ·9 Deals with Sacred affairs (eternal life) ·10 God as witness ·11 Made by adults who are mentally, emotionally, and spiritually mature. ·12 Lasts forever

Jewish Sacred Writings

The Torah

Literally means "Law"

The Jews believe that God gave the Torah to Moses on Mount Sinai

The Torah includes 5 books that are also the first 5 books of the Christian Old Testament.

Scribes, using special ink and a goose quill, handwrite Torah scrolls on parchment paper.

The Mishnah

A collection of commentaries, written by Rabbis or teachers of the Jewish law.

The Mishnah is organized into 6 books

Judaism

Sacred Places

The Synagogue

· Jews began worshipping in the temple, where animal sacrifices were the main way to worship.

· When the temple was destroyed many different types of worship replaced it:

Keeping the laws and Ten Commandments

Personal Prayer

3 daily periods of prayer, instead of animal sacrifices

Synagogues were built so that people could worship as a community

Synagogue is the Greek word for "place of assembly".

The synagogue has many purposes, which are all interrelated:

House of Prayer

House of Study

House of Assembly

Judaism

Sacred Places

The Home

The home is transformed into a sacred place in 4 ways:

1) A Mezuzah, a small piece of paper with a biblical passage on it, is hung from at least one doorpost in the home.

2) The Mizrakh, the eastern wall of the home that is decorated with a special picture or embroidery, indicating where their prayers should be directed.

3) The home is Kosher

· Meat is cooked separately from dairy

· No pork or shellfish is eaten

· This is to remind Jews that they are called to be a separate and holy people.

4) Celebration of Shabbat

Day of rest for Jews to remember the creation of the world.

The people changed into clean cloths

The house should be lit up with many lights and all the tables covered with tablecloths

Refrain from creative work

Unit 2: Judaism

Test Review

One Land: Three Paths

Importatnt Dates:

70 A.D.

1939-194

1948

4 Types of Judaism

Hasidic Judaism

Orthodox Judaism

Conservative Judaism

Reform Judaism

Sacred Times

Rosh Hashanah

Yom Kippur

Sukkot

Pesach

Shavuot

Passover

Shabbat

Life Cycle Celebration

The Jewish Calender

Sacred Places

Synagogue

The Home

Mezuzah

Mizrakh

Kosher

What are the differences between an Orthodox Synagogue and a Conservative/Reform Synagogue?

Temple

Mt. Sinai

Jerusalem

Sacred Scirpture

Torah

Mishnah

Talmud

Pentateuch

Beliefs

What do Jews believe about God and Israel?

Sh’ma

Other Important Terms

Monotheism

Ethnic Jews

Religious Jews

Diaspora

Moses

Rabbi

Covenant

Shofar

Bar Mitzvah

Bat Mitzvah

Habiru